PHILOSOPHY
Our daily lives are about navigating through a world of ideas. To listen to a politician’s speech, a critic’s analysis of a piece of art, or even your friend’s business plans, is to be confronted with ideas and arguments. These ideas and arguments are meant to get you to see the world in a specific way and thus influence your actions. Philosophy enables you to reason through these often convoluted and complex ideas in a logical and reasonable manner, allowing you to consider a topic independently of rhetoric and flash.
Philosophy is unique in the academic curriculum in that it cannot be taught. One can teach about philosophy or about what philosophers have said, and one can expound one’s own philosophical views. But, philosophy itself isn’t a body of knowledge which can be imparted like the facts of science, history, or literature. In its classical sense, philosophy is a love of wisdom — of understanding, insight, and sound judgment. And the most that one can do is to encourage the cultivation of these traits in others. The hard work of developing them must be done by oneself.
PHILOSOPHY
- THEORETICAL PHILOSOPHY (METAPHYSICS AND EPISTEMOLOGY),
- PRACTICAL PHILOSOPHY (ETHICS, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY, AESTHETICS),
- LOGIC
- HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY.
METAPHYSICS
Metaphysics is fundamentally the study of reality, or what is in the world, what it is like, and how it is organized. In metaphysics, philosophers debate issues like:
- Is there a God?
- What is truth?
- What is a person? What makes a person the same through time?
- Is the world strictly composed of matter?
- Do people have minds? If so, how is the mind related to the body?
- Do people have free wills?
- What is it for one event to cause another?
EPISTEMOLOGY
Epistemology is the study of knowledge. It is primarily concerned with what we can know about the world and how we can know it. Typical questions of concern in epistemology are:
- What is knowledge?
- Do we know anything at all?
- How do we know what we know?
- Can we be justified in claiming to know certain things?
ETHICS
The study of ethics often concerns what we ought to do and what it would be best to do. In struggling with this issue, larger questions about what is good and right arise. So, the ethicist attempts to answer such questions as:
- What is good? What makes actions or people good?
- What is right? What makes actions right?
- Is morality objective or subjective?
- How should I treat others?
LOGIC
Another important aspect of the study of philosophy is the arguments or reasons given for people’s answers to these questions. To this end, philosophers employ logic to study the nature and structure of arguments. Logicians ask such questions as:
- What constitutes “good” or “bad” reasoning?
- How do we determine whether a given piece of reasoning is good or bad?
PHILOSOPHY – MAIN SCHOOLS
- AFRICAN THOUGHTS
- GREEK AND LATIN PHILOSOPHY
- CHINES
- CHRISTIAN
- ISLAM
- INDIAN PHILOSOPHY
- JAIN
- SIKH
- BUDDHISM
- CREATOR IN BUDDHISM
INDIAN PHILOSOPHY
- HINDUISM PHILOSOPHY
- HINDUISM – GOD ATMA
- VEDA –SHASTRA-PURANA
- SHASTRA
- PHILOSOPHICAL SCHOOLS
- NYAYA
- VAISHESHIKA
- SHANKYA
- MIMANSA
- UTTARMIMANSA
- DHYAN
- YOGA
- MODERN YOGA- NONSENSE
- YOGDARSHAN